BLDC (brushless DC) and AC (alternating current) motors differ in their power source, internal construction, and control methods.While both Brushless DC (BLDC) motors and AC motors are ubiquitous in modern appliances and industry, they operate on fundamentally different principles. The core distinction lies in their power source, control method, and internal construction.1. Power Source and Current Type:As their names imply, a BLDC motor runs on direct current (DC), while an AC motor operates on alternating current (AC). This is the most fundamental difference. However, a BLDC motor often incorporates an internal inverter to convert DC into a controlled three-phase AC supply, which can cause confusion.2. Commutation Method:This is the most significant technical difference. Commutation is the process of switching the current in the motor's windings to create rotational motion.AC Motors (Induction): The most common type, the induction motor, relies on a rotating magnetic field generated by the AC power in the stator. This field induces a current in the rotor, creating motion without any physical electrical connection to it—a phenomenon called electromagnetic induction.BLDC Motors: These are electronically commutated. They require an external controller or driver. This controller uses sensors (or sensorless techniques) to determine the rotor's position and precisely switches the DC power to the stator windings at the correct moment to keep the motor turning.3. Construction and Performance:Construction: A standard AC induction motor has a simple, rugged design with a squirrel-cage rotor, making it robust and low-cost. A BLDC motor has permanent magnets on its rotor and fixed windings on its stator, eliminating the brushes found in traditional DC motors.Control and Efficiency: BLDC motors excel in controllability. Their electronic commutation allows for precise speed and torque control, high efficiency, and a high power-to-size ratio. AC induction motors are simpler to operate (often just plug into AC power) but are generally less efficient and harder to control precisely without a variable frequency drive (VFD).In summary, choose an AC induction motor for simple, robust, and cost-effective applications like compressors or conveyor belts. Opt for a BLDC motor when you need high efficiency, compact size, and precise electronic control, as seen in drones, computer fans etc.开启新对话

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When choosing between a BLDC (Brushless DC) motor and a traditional DC motor, the best option depends on your needs. Here’s a comparison to help you decide: 1. Efficiency & PerformanceBLDC motors are more efficient (80-90%) because they don’t have brushes, reducing energy loss. They also provide smoother operation and higher speed control.DC motors are less efficient (70-80%) due to brush friction, which causes wear and energy waste. 2. Lifespan & Maintenancemotors last longer because they have no brushes to replace. They are ideal for applications requiring long-term use, like electric vehicles and drones.DC motors need regular maintenance since brushes wear out over time, making them better for short-term or low-cost projects.3. Cost & ComplexityDC motors are cheaper and simpler, making them good for basic tasks like toys or small appliances.BLDC motors are more expensive due to their electronic controller, but they save money in the long run with lower energy bills.4. Best UsesBLDC motors → High-performance needs (e.g.,industrial machines).DC motors → Simple, budget-friendly tasks ConclusionIf you need efficiency, durability, and precision, choose a BLDC motor. BLDC motors exhibit higher efficiency since they do not lose energy through friction and heat generation associated with brushes. Reduced maintenance is a significant upside; without brushes, there is no need for replacements or cleaning associated with brush degradation.  

The inventors of the brushless motor are the German theoretical physicist Ian Kolander Rayor (Ernstwerner Siemens) and the doctor Angel Delfuri (Angel of austodori). As early as the 1860s, the German physicist Rayor began to study the working principle of the motor.In 1886, the first practical DC motor that could operate at a constant speed at a variable weight was introduced. FrankJulianSprague was its inventor, and it was this motor that provided the catalyst for the widespread use of electric motors in industry.In 1949, Slovak engineer Emil Petrash invented the first brushless DC motor, which used the principle of reversing alternating current to achieve uninterrupted rotation. This marked the beginning of the era of brushless motors.The practical motor adopts brushless form, that is, ac-flow squirrel cage asynchronous motor, which not only eliminates the spark and voltage loss at both ends of the winding, but also can transmit power at a constant speed. However, the asynchronous motor has many insurmountable defects, so that the development of motor technology is slow.By the 1960s, the American electrical engineer Terry Laikin invented a three-phase brushless motor with strong magnetic force and efficient performance (the phase of the three-phase motor refers to the coil winding in the motor, three phases and three windings. Specifically, it includes three phases, that is, phase A, phase B and phase C. The three-phase motor uses the three-phase power supply as energy, and generates a rotating magnetic field through three independent coils to drive the motor to rotate). This innovation broke the working principle of the traditional motor and was hailed as a revolutionary breakthrough in the history of the motor, and Terry Laikin became the father of the brushless motor. Since its invention, compared with the brushless motor, the brushless motor has low noise, lower maintenance cost, more reliable performance, lower failure rate, better external characteristics, small no-load current, wide speed range and other characteristics, since the 1960s, Europe, Japan, South Korea and other countries and regions have carried out research on brushless motors. And in aerospace, robotics, consumer electronics and other fields of application. At present, China has also become one of the major countries in the production and application of brushless motors in the world. 

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Adjusting the speed of the brushless DC motor can be achieved in the following ways: 1. Regulating voltage:The input voltage of the motor is adjusted by changing the output voltage of the driver, thus changing the speed of the motor.2.PWM speed regulation:Using pulse width modulation (PWM) technology, the constant DC supply voltage is modulated into a pulse voltage sequence with fixed frequency and variable width.By changing the duty cycle of the PWM (that is, the time ratio of the high level to the low level), the average output voltage can be adjusted to change the speed of the motor. 3. Series resistance speed control:A potentiometer is connected in series in the motor circuit to adjust the speed of the motor by changing the size of the resistance.This method is suitable for low power motors, but is less cost-effective for high power motors due to the need to find a high power resistor with the right resistance value.4. Change the power-on sequence:For the case that the steering needs to be changed, it can be achieved by changing the order of the power-on of the phases.For example, the running direction of the motor can be controlled by connecting terminal dir and terminal com.